{"id":1128,"date":"2017-07-03T18:42:33","date_gmt":"2017-07-03T11:42:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/benhvienhuyencuchi.com\/?p=1128"},"modified":"2023-11-08T15:05:21","modified_gmt":"2023-11-08T08:05:21","slug":"1128-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/benhvienhuyencuchi.com\/?p=1128","title":{"rendered":"H\u01af\u1edeNG \u1ee8NG TH\u00c1NG D\u1ef0 PH\u00d2NG L\u00c2Y TRUY\u1ec0N HIV T\u1eea M\u1eb8 SANG CON"},"content":{"rendered":"

D\u1ef0 PH\u00d2NG L\u00c2Y TRUY\u1ec0N HIV T\u1eea M\u1eb8 SANG CON<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, ngo\u00e0i l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e1u v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c th\u00ec l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n HIV t\u1eeb m\u1eb9 sang con l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong ba con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n HIV\/AIDS. Khi mang thai, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n HIV t\u1eeb m\u1eb9 sang con chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 25 – 40%. Qua nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a WHO tr\u00ean 100 b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 mang thai c\u00f3 HIV (kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c can thi\u1ec7p) cho th\u1ea5y 9 tr\u1ebb b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m HIV t\u1eeb m\u1eb9 sang con trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n mang thai, 17 tr\u1ebb b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea1 v\u00e0 10 tr\u1ebb b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m HIV trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u00fa m\u1eb9. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a, c\u1ee9 100 tr\u1ebb sinh ra t\u1eeb b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 nhi\u1ec5m HIV th\u00ec c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 36 tr\u1ebb b\u1ecb l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m.<\/span>
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec5m HIV \u1edf ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef mang thai l\u00e0 0,4%, v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 tr\u1ebb sinh ra h\u00e0ng n\u0103m l\u00e0 1,5 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn 2 tri\u1ec7u th\u00ec m\u1ed7i n\u0103m c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 6000 tr\u1ebb sinh ra c\u00f3 ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m v\u1edbi HIV. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n HIV t\u1eeb m\u1eb9 sang con n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 36% (25% – 40%).<\/span>
\n * L\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 mang thai<\/strong><\/span>
\n S\u1ef1 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n HIV qua con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm, ngay khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 mang thai m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 8 tu\u1ea7n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i trong su\u1ed1t thai k\u1ef3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n HIV qua rau thai cao v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 tu\u1ed5i thai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean 18 tu\u1ea7n.<\/span>
\n C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y HIV trong gan, th\u1eadn, n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a b\u00e0o thai 13 tu\u1ea7n tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 nhi\u1ec5m HIV. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 c\u00e1c b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf n\u00e3o v\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn hung c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00e0o thai nhi\u1ec5m HIV. \u1ede m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u1ebb sinh ra t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 nhi\u1ec5m HIV \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o CD4 cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 lan truy\u1ec1n HIV r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm t\u1eeb m\u1eb9 sang con. S\u1ef1 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n HIV t\u1eeb m\u1eb9 sang con c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 mang thai qua b\u00e1nh rau. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u \u201cl\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n d\u1ecdc\u201d.<\/span>
\n Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a b\u00e1nh rau trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n HIV trong t\u1eed cung r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u01b0a r\u00f5. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e1nh rau thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a thai ngh\u00e9n. B\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1eb7t b\u00e1nh rau c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u \u201cm\u00e0ng ng\u0103n\u201d. C\u00e1c v\u00e1ch ng\u0103n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u201ch\u00e0ng r\u00e0o\u201d b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, ch\u1ec9 \u201ccho ph\u00e9p\u201d nh\u1eefng g\u00ec tinh t\u00fay nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, vitamin, kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t, kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3… \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i qua \u0111\u1ec3 sang nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u00e0o thai, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng cho vi khu\u1ea9n, virut… chui sang \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho thai nhi. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1edd c\u00f3 b\u00e1nh rau n\u00ean cho d\u00f9 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec5m virut \u1edf m\u1eb9 th\u00ec virut c\u0169ng b\u1ecb m\u00e0ng ng\u0103n c\u1ee7a rau thai ch\u1eb7n l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n qua thai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span>
\n Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi b\u00e1nh rau c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n (l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e1ch ng\u0103n n\u00e0y) ho\u1eb7c b\u1ec1 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a b\u00e1nh rau (v\u00e1ch ng\u0103n) m\u1ecfng \u0111i v\u00e0o n\u1eeda sau thai k\u1ef3, HIV t\u1ef1 do hay n\u1eb1m trong c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng di chuy\u1ec3n qua b\u00e1nh rau v\u00e0o thai nhi. Kho\u1ea3ng 20- 30% s\u1ed1 tr\u1ebb em b\u1ecb l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n HIV t\u1eeb m\u1eb9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 b\u1ecb l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n qua b\u00e1nh rau. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean n\u1ebfu tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a m\u1eb9 t\u0103ng, m\u1eb9 b\u1ecb s\u01a1 nhi\u1ec5m HIV trong khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 thai (khi \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 HIV trong m\u00e1u r\u1ea5t cao) ho\u1eb7c n\u1ebfu m\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3 mang thai r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m HIV th\u00ec nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n HIV sang con qua b\u00e1nh rau t\u0103ng l\u00ean. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m HIV \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n mu\u1ed9n m\u1edbi mang thai th\u00ec nguy c\u01a1 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean.<\/span>
\n * L\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea1<\/strong><\/span>
\n S\u1ef1 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n HIV t\u1eeb m\u1eb9 sang con c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra mu\u1ed9n quanh th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea1. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n khi \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb \u201c\u0111i qua\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng sinh d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ec3 ra ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi d\u1ecbch \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o (nu\u1ed1t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ed1i, virut trong m\u00e1u v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a HIV) ho\u1eb7c do s\u1ef1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e1u m\u1eb9 – thai nhi khi chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea1 (\u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y c\u00e1c c\u01a1n co t\u1eed cung c\u1ee7a m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u201cb\u01a1m m\u1ea1nh\u201d m\u00e1u m\u1eb9 ch\u1ee9a HIV v\u00e0o tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n c\u1ee7a thai nhi l\u00e0m cho tr\u1ebb d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m HIV t\u1eeb m\u1eb9). C\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 50- 60% s\u1ed1 tr\u1ebb em b\u1ecb l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n HIV trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y. Tuy nhi\u00ean nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n HIV t\u1eeb m\u1eb9 sang con trong khi sinh s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ebb kh\u00f3, chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea1 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 b\u1ecb d\u1eadp n\u00e1t, thai b\u1ecb x\u00e2y x\u01b0\u1edbc, sang ch\u1ea5n…<\/span>
\n Th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb khi v\u1ee1 \u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn khi sinh c\u00e0ng d\u00e0i th\u00ec nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n HIV t\u1eeb m\u1eb9 sang con c\u00e0ng cao, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y tr\u00ean 4 gi\u1edd. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y, c\u1ee9 m\u1ed7i gi\u1edd sau khi v\u1ee1 \u1ed1i, nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n HIV t\u1eeb m\u1eb9 sang con t\u0103ng th\u00eam 2%.<\/span>
\n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c tr\u1ebb sinh \u0111\u00f4i, sinh ba… c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m HIV cho th\u1ea5y, \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb sinh ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m HIV cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb sinh ra sau (\u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebft \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a HIV c\u1ee7a m\u1eb9 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, n\u00ean nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m HIV l\u1edbn h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9a ra sau). C\u0169ng v\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chuy\u00ean gia cho r\u1eb1ng, vi\u1ec7c r\u1eeda \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o khi chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t virut v\u1eeba kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y nguy h\u1ea1i cho m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 thai nhi v\u1eeba l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n HIV t\u1eeb m\u1eb9 sang con khi sinh.<\/span>
\n * L\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh cho con b\u00fa<\/strong><\/span>
\n Sau khi sinh, tr\u1ebb v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec5m HIV trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u00fa s\u1eefa m\u1eb9, v\u00ec l\u00fac n\u00e0y virut HIV d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng truy\u1ec1n sang c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u00e9 qua c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t \u1edf n\u00fam v\u00fa c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 khi tr\u1ebb \u0111ang m\u1ecdc r\u0103ng, b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c mi\u1ec7ng hay HIV trong s\u1eefa m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y sang con theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a. Th\u1eddi gian b\u00fa m\u1eb9 c\u00e0ng d\u00e0i, tr\u1ebb c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nguy c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec5m HIV h\u01a1n. Do v\u1eady, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef nhi\u1ec5m HIV n\u00ean nu\u00f4i con b\u1eb1ng s\u1eefa thay th\u1ebf.<\/span>
\n \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m HIV t\u1eeb m\u1eb9 sang con, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef mang thai c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 s\u1edf y t\u1ebf chuy\u00ean khoa \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m HIV c\u00e0ng s\u1edbm c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m HIV hay kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m HIV s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n HIV t\u1eeb m\u1eb9 sang con.<\/span>
\n Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p can thi\u1ec7p<\/span>
\n Nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef mang thai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m HIV c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo d\u00f5i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 can thi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00fang quy tr\u00ecnh nh\u1eb1m l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m HIV cho nh\u1eefng tr\u1ebb sinh ra t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 n\u00e0y:<\/span>
\n – \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u, chuy\u1ec3n g\u1eedi t\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u0103m s\u00f3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb HIV\/AIDS cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng (nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng) v\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m (\u0111\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec5m vi\u00eam gan B\/C, c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o CD4). N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng virus ARV theo H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn Qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m HIV\/AIDS, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng ARV cho nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef n\u00e0y (ch\u00fa \u00fd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi thai nhi: v\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng EFV, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong 3 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a thai k\u1ef3).<\/span>
\n – V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef mang thaiHIV(+), t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng v\u00e0 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u00f2n t\u1ed1t, c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng b\u1eb1ng AZT li\u00ean t\u1ee5c cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea1 – d\u00f9ng th\u00eam li\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n NVP 20mg v\u00e0o tu\u1ea7n thai th\u1ee9 14 ho\u1eb7c ngay sau khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec5m HIV sau tu\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 14. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, c\u1ee9 3 th\u00e1ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, ki\u1ec3m tra CD4, n\u1ebfu s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng CD4 gi\u1ea3m < 350TB\/mm3 th\u00ec b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ARV b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 AZT + 3TC + EFV.<\/span>
\n Theo d\u00f5i, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh can thi\u1ec7p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n HIV t\u1eeb m\u1eb9 sang con.<\/span>
\n + C\u00e1c can thi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1edbc sinh: t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m HIV, s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c, b\u1ed5 sung vitamin, s\u1eaft, d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ARV \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb cho m\u1eb9 ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n m\u1eb9 con\u2026 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n m\u1eb9 con.<\/span>
\n + C\u00e1c can thi\u1ec7p trong khi sinh: v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef ch\u01b0a ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00e1c can thi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1edbc sinh, c\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m nhanh HIV, n\u1ebfu d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh th\u00ec s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 ARV d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng L\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n m\u1eb9 contheo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c can thi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5m \u1ed1i, forcep, c\u1eaft t\u1ea7ng sinh m\u00f4n\u2026 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed5 l\u1ea5y thai, nhanh ch\u00f3ng lau s\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch cho tr\u1ebb s\u01a1 sinh.<\/span>
\n + Can thi\u1ec7p sau sinh: ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m HIV khi cho tr\u1ebb b\u00fa. T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nu\u00f4i tr\u1ebb b\u1eb1ng s\u1eefa thay th\u1ebf n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1eefa thay th\u1ebf, c\u1ea7n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 cho b\u00fa ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n trong th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ea7u, sau \u0111\u00f3 cai s\u1eefa s\u1edbm chuy\u1ec3n \u0103n d\u1eb7m ngay khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n HIV cho tr\u1ebb. Tr\u1ebb c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n g\u1eedi t\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1m ngo\u1ea1i tr\u00fa cho tr\u1ebb em \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ARV.<\/span>
\n Nh\u1eefng b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p can thi\u1ec7p, \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n HIV t\u1eeb m\u1eb9 sang con \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 mang thai v\u00e0 sinh s\u1ea3n \u1edf ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef nhi\u1ec5m HIV so v\u1edbi th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch HIV m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n HIV t\u1eeb m\u1eb9 sang con c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tri\u1ec3n khai r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp, \u0111\u00fang quy tr\u00ecnh, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef mang thai nhi\u1ec5m HIV, tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00f3a b\u1ecf k\u1ef3 th\u1ecb v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec5m HIV v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n AIDS.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u1ef0 PH\u00d2NG L\u00c2Y TRUY\u1ec0N HIV T\u1eea M\u1eb8 SANG CON \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, ngo\u00e0i l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e1u v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c th\u00ec l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n HIV t\u1eeb m\u1eb9 sang con l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong ba con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n HIV\/AIDS. Khi mang thai, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n HIV t\u1eeb m\u1eb9 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[2],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/benhvienhuyencuchi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1128"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/benhvienhuyencuchi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/benhvienhuyencuchi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/benhvienhuyencuchi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/benhvienhuyencuchi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1128"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/benhvienhuyencuchi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1128\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/benhvienhuyencuchi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1128"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/benhvienhuyencuchi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1128"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/benhvienhuyencuchi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1128"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}